Let URnU\subseteq\mathbb R^n, let f:URmf:U\to\mathbb R^m, and let aUa\in U. The point aa is a discontinuity point of ff if ff is not at aa. Equivalently, there exists ε>0\varepsilon>0 such that for every δ>0\delta>0 there is xUx\in U with

xa<δandf(x)f(a)ε.\lVert x-a\rVert<\delta \quad\text{and}\quad \lVert f(x)-f(a)\rVert\ge\varepsilon.
Remarks

In many common situations, discontinuity at aa can be detected by limits: if limxaf(x)\lim_{x\to a}f(x) exists in the sense of a and is not equal to f(a)f(a), then aa is a discontinuity point. The collection of all such points is the .

Examples
  • The sign function defined by f(x)=1f(x)=1 for x>0x>0, f(x)=1f(x)=-1 for x<0x<0, and f(0)=0f(0)=0 is discontinuous at 00.
  • The function f:RRf:\mathbb R\to\mathbb R defined by f(x)=1f(x)=1 for rational xx and f(x)=0f(x)=0 for irrational xx is discontinuous at every real number.