A convergent series is a ∑n=1∞an\sum_{n=1}^\infty a_n whose sn=∑k=1naks_n=\sum_{k=1}^n a_k converge to a finite limit SS, in which case one writes ∑n=1∞an=S\sum_{n=1}^\infty a_n = S.

Examples
  • ∑n=0∞12n\sum_{n=0}^\infty \frac{1}{2^n} converges (in fact, to 22).
  • For ∣r∣<1|r|<1, the ∑n=0∞rn\sum_{n=0}^\infty r^n converges (to 11−r\frac{1}{1-r}).
Equivalent characterizations

Equivalently, the partial sums form a in R\mathbb{R}. Two important refinements are and .