An isomorphism modulo null sets between (X,Σ,μ)(X,\Sigma,\mu) and (Y,T,ν)(Y,\mathcal T,\nu) is a bijection b:X0→Y0b:X_0\to Y_0 between measurable subsets of measure one such that b,b−1b,b^{-1} are measurable and

μ(b−1E)=ν(E)(E⊆Y0 measurable).\mu(b^{-1}E)=\nu(E)\qquad(E\subseteq Y_0\text{ measurable}).

Maps agreeing represent the same isomorphism.

What is preserved

Integration, measurable events modulo null sets, and LpL^p norms are preserved. Topology, distance, and linear coordinates are additional structures that this definition need not preserve. Compatibility with dynamics is the extra requirement in .