Let T:E→ET:E\to E be a . A linear subspace M⊆EM\subseteq E is invariant under TT if

T(M)⊆M.T(M)\subseteq M.

The invariant subspace is nontrivial when M≠{0}M\ne\{0\} and M≠EM\ne E. In functional analysis one usually also requires MM to be a .

If vv is an of TT, then its one-dimensional span is invariant. Invariance also means that TT restricts to a well-defined operator T∣M:M→MT|_M:M\to M.