Statement

Let vv be a Diophantine direction on Tn\mathbb T^n, and let smooth F(s,y)F(s,y) be supported in a fixed bounded ss-interval. Assume F(s,)yds=0\int\langle F(s,\cdot)\rangle_y\,ds=0. For M1M\ge1, define

JMF(U,y)=RF(U+z,y+Mzv)dz.J_MF(U,y)=\int_{\mathbb R}F(U+z,y+Mzv)\,dz.

For every fixed pair of integers m,p0m,p\ge0, there is a finite integer r=r(m,p)r=r(m,p) and a constant independent of MM such that

JMFCU,ymCm,pMpFCs,yr.\|J_MF\|_{C^m_{U,y}}\le C_{m,p}M^{-p}\|F\|_{C^r_{s,y}}.

This uses the .

Repeated integration by parts

Let L=vyL=v\cdot\nabla_y, and let F=FFyF^\circ=F-\langle F\rangle_y. The omitted mean has zero full-line integral. Integrating the total zz-derivative of L1F(U+z,y+Mzv)L^{-1}F^\circ(U+z,y+Mzv) gives

JMF=(M1)pRspLpF(U+z,y+Mzv)dz.J_MF=(-M^{-1})^p\int_{\mathbb R} \partial_s^pL^{-p}F^\circ(U+z,y+Mzv)\,dz.

All boundary terms vanish. A fixed finite loss for each application of L1L^{-1}, together with pp source derivatives, gives a finite rr; for example, if one inverse costs \ell derivatives, r=m+p+pr=m+p+p\ell suffices. The fixed-shift form handles additional UU derivatives without an MM factor.

Quantifiers

The constant and required derivative order can grow with pp. A family with uniform bounds at every fixed derivative order therefore gives decay faster than every inverse power of MM. A single finite regularity bound gives only the corresponding finite range of powers. No estimate uniform in pp is asserted.