Definition
Holomorphic modular form
A holomorphic function on the upper half-plane satisfying a weight transformation law and regularity at every cusp.
Let be a finite-index subgroup of and an integer. A holomorphic modular form of weight for , with trivial character, is a holomorphic function on such that
and is holomorphic at every cusp. Explicitly, for every ,
has a convergent expansion near infinity, for some positive integer period . This is the cusp condition at .
Notation
The space is . Requiring zero constant coefficient at every cusp defines the subspace of cusp forms. A common group is
If and is odd, the transformation law forces .
References
- Andrew V. Sutherland, 18.786 Number Theory II, Spring 2024, Lecture 6, Definitions 6.1–6.5 and the cusp expansions on pp. 1–2.