Let RR be a ring. An element aRa\in R is nilpotent if an=0a^n=0 for some integer n1n\ge 1.

Remarks

In a commutative ring, the nilpotent elements form the , and the ring is exactly when 00 is its only nilpotent element. For a noncommutative ring, the nilpotent elements need not form an ideal, and the ideal generated by a nilpotent element need not be a .

Examples
  • In k[x]/(xn)k[x]/(x^n), the class of xx is nilpotent.
  • Any strictly upper triangular matrix is nilpotent.
  • In an integral domain, the only nilpotent element is 00.