Direct sum universal property
The direct sum is characterized by a universal mapping property from the summands.
Let be a ring, let be a family of -modules, and let be the canonical maps. The direct sum universal property states that for every -module and family of homomorphisms , there is a unique homomorphism
such that for every .
This is the defining coproduct property of the direct sum in the category of -modules, stated in terms of module homomorphisms.