An indexed family of sets is a A ⁣:ICA\colon I\to\mathcal C where II is an index set and C\mathcal C is a set whose elements are sets. One writes the family as (Ai)iI(A_i)_{i\in I}, where Ai:=A(i)A_i:=A(i).

Remarks

Indexed families unify the notation for operations like iIAi\bigcup_{i\in I}A_i and iIAi\bigcap_{i\in I}A_i, which depend on an index set and a set assigned to each index.

Examples
  • For I=NI=\mathbb{N}, the assignment n{n}n\mapsto\{n\} defines a family ({n})nN(\{n\})_{n\in\mathbb{N}}.
  • For I=RI=\mathbb{R}, the assignment x(x,x+1)x\mapsto (x,x+1) defines a family of intervals ((x,x+1))xR( (x,x+1) )_{x\in\mathbb{R}}.