Statement

Let L>0L>0, let AA be a scalar, put r=LRr=LR, and define f∗(R)=Af(LR)f_*(R)=Af(LR). If the weighted integrals are absolutely convergent, then for real ee,

∫0∞Ref∗(R) dR=AL−(e+1)∫0∞ref(r) dr.\int_0^\infty R^e f_*(R)\,dR =AL^{-(e+1)}\int_0^\infty r^e f(r)\,dr.

This is the including the radial differential dr=L dRdr=L\,dR.

Measure conventions

A cylindrical volume integral already contributes a factor rr; its exponent must be included in ee. For example, ∫rf(r) dr\int r f(r)\,dr acquires L−2L^{-2}, not L−1L^{-1}, when expressed in normalized variables with the above definition of f∗f_*. Parameters such as time are held fixed in this spatial substitution; differentiating them later also differentiates any parameter-dependent AA and LL.