For continuous FF near zero, its radial average is

(AF)(Y)=01F(tY)dt.(AF)(Y)=\int_0^1F(tY)\,dt.

For Y0Y\ne0, this equals Y10YF(s)dsY^{-1}\int_0^YF(s)\,ds; the integral on the unit interval also defines AF(0)=F(0)AF(0)=F(0).

Regularity and coefficients

If FF is smooth, differentiation on the compact integration interval gives (AF)(m)(Y)=01tmF(m)(tY)dt(AF)^{(m)}(Y)=\int_0^1t^mF^{(m)}(tY)\,dt, so the average is smooth through zero. If F=FαYαF=\sum F_\alpha Y^\alpha is analytic, then (AF)α=Fα/(α+1)(AF)_\alpha=F_\alpha/(\alpha+1). The apparent quotient singularity is removed by this integral representation.