Mean value estimate lemma: Let f:[a,b]Rf:[a,b]\to\mathbb{R} be continuous on [a,b][a,b] and on (a,b)(a,b). If there exists M0M\ge 0 such that f(x)M|f'(x)|\le M for all x(a,b)x\in(a,b), then

f(b)f(a)Mba.|f(b)-f(a)|\le M\,|b-a|.
Remarks

This is an immediate quantitative consequence of the and is a standard step in results like .