Local implicit-function parameterization

Near a regular point, a level set is locally the graph of a differentiable map.
Local implicit-function parameterization

Local implicit-function parameterization: Let URnU\subseteq\mathbb R^n be an , let F:URmF:U\to\mathbb R^m be continuously differentiable with m<nm<n, and let pUp\in U satisfy F(p)=0F(p)=0. If the derivative DF(p):RnRmDF(p):\mathbb R^n\to\mathbb R^m has rank mm (equivalently, pp is a of FF), then after reordering coordinates in Rn\mathbb R^n there exist neighborhoods WW of pp and VV of some u0Rnmu_0\in\mathbb R^{n-m} and a continuously differentiable map φ:VRm\varphi:V\to\mathbb R^m such that, in these coordinates,

{xW:F(x)=0}={(u,φ(u)):uV}. \{x\in W: F(x)=0\}=\{(u,\varphi(u)): u\in V\}.

Equivalently, near a regular point, the constraint set F1(0)F^{-1}(0) is locally a graph, as guaranteed by the .