Subgroup Test (one-step): Let GG be a and let HH be a nonempty of GG. Then HH is a of GG if and only if for all x,yHx,y\in H one has xy1Hxy^{-1}\in H.

Remarks

This is often the fastest criterion to check the subgroup property because it packages "closed under products" and "closed under inverses" into a single closure condition.